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What is Hydronephrosis?

Hydronephrosis is a condition characterized by the swelling or enlargement of one or both kidneys due to the accumulation of urine. This accumulation occurs when urine cannot drain properly from the kidney to the bladder, leading to the buildup of pressure within the kidney. Hydronephrosis can result from various underlying causes, including urinary tract obstructions, kidney stones, congenital abnormalities, infections, or tumors. The severity of hydronephrosis can range from mild to severe, and its symptoms may vary depending on the underlying cause and degree of kidney obstruction.

Common Causes of a Hydronephrosis​

Urinary Tract Obstructions

Blockage or narrowing of the urinary tract, such as by kidney stones, ureteral strictures, pelvic tumors, or congenital anomalies (such as ureteropelvic junction obstruction or posterior urethral valves).

Kidney Stones

Formation of mineral deposits or calculi within the urinary tract, which can obstruct urine flow and lead to distention of the renal pelvis and calyces (part of the kidney).

Pregnancy

Compression of the ureters by the enlarging uterus during pregnancy, leading to urinary stasis and hydronephrosis.

Congenital Anomalies

Structural abnormalities present at birth, such as ureteral duplications, vesicoureteral reflux, or horseshoe kidney, which can predispose to urinary tract obstructions and hydronephrosis.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Inflammation or infection of the urinary tract, which can cause swelling and obstruction of the ureters or urethra, resulting in hydronephrosis.

Abdominal Discomfort

Discomfort or fullness in the abdomen, especially on the affected side, due to the enlargement of the kidney.

Whom to Consult?​ and When to Seek Medical Advice?​

If you experience symptoms suggestive of hydronephrosis or have concerns about your kidney health, it’s essential to seek medical evaluation and appropriate management at SRM Global Hospitals, Chennai.
Dr. S. Krishna Kumar

Dr. S. Krishna Kumar

MBBS, MD, DM

Senior Consultant

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Dr. Tanuj Moses Lamech

Dr. Tanuj Moses Lamech

MBBS, MD, DM, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Dr. Mathew Gerry George

Dr. Mathew Gerry George

MBBS, MD, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Dr. Jayaprakash. V

Dr. Jayaprakash. V

MBBS, MD, DM, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Consult our healthcare experts immediately if you experience​​

  • Severe or worsening symptoms of hydronephrosis, such as intense flank pain, fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, or signs of kidney infection (pyelonephritis).
  • Signs of complications such as kidney failure, urinary retention, or sepsis.

Common FAQs About Hydronephrosis

Q: How is hydronephrosis diagnosed?

A: Diagnosis of hydronephrosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging studies (such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI), urinalysis, and other diagnostic tests to assess kidney function and identify the underlying cause of urinary tract obstruction.

Q: What is the treatment for hydronephrosis?

A: Treatment for hydronephrosis aims to relieve urinary tract obstructions, alleviate symptoms, and prevent complications. It may include medications to control pain, antibiotics for urinary tract infections, minimally invasive procedures (such as ureteral stent placement or nephrostomy tube insertion) to bypass obstructions, or surgical interventions to remove kidney stones or correct anatomical abnormalities.

Q: Can hydronephrosis be prevented?

A: While not all cases of hydronephrosis can be prevented, avoiding risk factors such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or excessive straining during urination, staying hydrated, and seeking prompt medical evaluation and treatment for urinary symptoms or concerns can help reduce the risk of developing hydronephrosis.

SRM Global Hospitals Pvt Ltd strives to deliver exceptional patient care with world-class expertise supported by next – gen medical and digital technologies because you deserve the quality care and are at the core of everything we do.

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