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What are Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, are hard mineral and salt deposits that form in the kidneys. They can vary in size, ranging from tiny crystals to large stones that can cause severe pain and complications. Kidney stones may develop when certain substances in the urine, such as calcium, oxalate, uric acid, or cystine, become highly concentrated and crystallize. Factors contributing to the formation of kidney stones include dehydration, diet high in certain foods, family history, obesity, and certain medical conditions.

Common Symptoms of a Kidney Stones​

Severe Flank Pain

Intense pain in the back or side (flank), often radiating to the lower abdomen and groin.

Painful Urination

Discomfort or burning sensation during urination.

Frequent Urination

Urgency to urinate more often than usual, sometimes accompanied by only small amounts of urine.

Blood in Urine

Pink, red, or brown urine due to the presence of blood.

Nausea and Vomiting

Feeling nauseous or vomiting, especially with severe pain.

Fever and Chills

Fever and chills may indicate an infection associated with kidney stones.

Whom to Consult?​ and When to Consult?​

If you experience symptoms suggestive of kidney stones or suspect you may have kidney stones, it’s essential to seek medical evaluation and appropriate management at SRM Global Hospitals, Chennai.
Dr. S. Krishna Kumar

Dr. S. Krishna Kumar

MBBS, MD, DM

Senior Consultant

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Dr. Tanuj Moses Lamech

Dr. Tanuj Moses Lamech

MBBS, MD, DM, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Dr. Mathew Gerry George

Dr. Mathew Gerry George

MBBS, MD, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Dr. Jayaprakash. V

Dr. Jayaprakash. V

MBBS, MD, DM, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Consult our healthcare experts immediately if you experience​​

  • Severe flank pain or abdominal pain that does not improve with over-the-counter pain medications.
  • Difficulty urinating or inability to urinate.
  • Signs of infection, such as fever, chills, or urinary symptoms.
  • Persistent nausea, vomiting, or dehydration due to pain or discomfort.

Common FAQs About Kidney Stones

Q: How are kidney stones diagnosed?

A: Diagnosis of kidney stones typically involves a medical history, physical examination, urinalysis, imaging studies (such as ultrasound, CT scan, or X-ray), and blood tests to evaluate kidney function and identify the presence and location of kidney stones.

Q: What is the treatment for kidney stones?

A: Treatment for kidney stones depends on the size, location, and composition of the stones, as well as the severity of symptoms. It may include pain management with medications, hydration to promote stone passage, dietary modifications, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy, or surgical removal of larger stones.

Q: Can kidney stones be prevented?

A: While not all kidney stones can be prevented, adopting healthy lifestyle habits, staying hydrated, maintaining a balanced diet low in sodium and oxalate-rich foods, and avoiding dehydration can help reduce the risk of kidney stone formation.

Q: What is the prognosis for kidney stones?

A: The prognosis for kidney stones varies depending on the size, location, and composition of the stones, as well as individual factors such as age, overall health, and response to treatment. Most kidney stones pass spontaneously with conservative measures, while larger stones may require medical intervention or surgical removal.

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