Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as painful bladder syndrome, is a chronic condition characterized by bladder pain, urinary urgency, frequency, and discomfort in the pelvic region. It affects the bladder lining and can lead to inflammation and scarring, resulting in symptoms that vary in severity and duration. Interstitial cystitis can significantly impact a person's quality of life, causing discomfort, disruption of daily activities, and emotional distress. While the exact cause of interstitial cystitis is unknown, it is believed to involve a combination of factors, including inflammation, bladder dysfunction, pelvic floor dysfunction, and neurological abnormalities.