What is Huntington's Disease?

Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurological disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain. This degeneration affects movement, cognition, and emotional stability, leading to a wide range of symptoms that worsen over time. HD is caused by a mutation in the HTT gene, which leads to the production of a toxic protein called huntingtin. As the disease progresses, individuals with Huntington's disease experience increasingly severe motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms, significantly impacting their quality of life and ability to function independently.

Common Symptoms of Huntington's Disease

Chorea

Involuntary, jerky movements or chorea, which can affect the arms, legs, face, and trunk.

Impaired Movement

Difficulty with coordination, balance, and walking, often resulting in unsteady gait and falls.

Cognitive Decline

Progressive decline in cognitive function, including difficulties with memory, judgment, and decision-making.

Behavioral Changes

Mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, aggression, or apathy.

Difficulty Swallowing

Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing, leading to weight loss and malnutrition.

Speech Changes

Slurred speech, difficulty articulating words, or changes in voice tone or pitch.

Whom to Consult?​ and When to Consult?​

If you or a loved one experience symptoms suggestive of Huntington’s disease, it’s crucial to seek medical evaluation and genetic testing at SRM Global Hospitals, Chennai for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

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Common FAQs About Huntington's Disease

Q: Is there a cure for Huntington's disease?

A: Currently, there is no cure for Huntington's disease. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, improving quality of life, and providing supportive care to individuals and their families. Research into potential treatments and therapies for Huntington's disease is ongoing.

Q: How is Huntington's disease diagnosed?

A: Diagnosis of Huntington's disease typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, neurological assessment, psychiatric evaluation, genetic testing for the HD gene mutation, and imaging studies (such as MRI) to assess brain structure and function.

Q: What is the prognosis for Huntington's disease?

A: The prognosis for Huntington's disease varies depending on the individual, the age of onset, and the rate of disease progression. HD is a progressive condition with worsening symptoms over time, leading to significant disability and eventually requiring full-time care in advanced stages of the disease.

Q: Can Huntington's disease be prevented?

A: Since Huntington's disease is caused by a genetic mutation, it cannot be prevented. However, genetic testing and counseling can help individuals and families understand their risk, make informed decisions about family planning, and access support services and resources for managing the impact of Huntington's disease.