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What are Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also known as prostate gland enlargement, is a common age-related condition characterized by the non-cancerous growth of the prostate gland. The prostate gland, located below the bladder and surrounding the urethra, plays a role in male reproductive function by producing seminal fluid. As men age, the prostate gland may enlarge, causing compression of the urethra and obstructing urinary flow. BPH is a prevalent condition, affecting a significant proportion of men over the age of 50, and its symptoms can vary in severity, ranging from mild urinary difficulties to more severe complications such as urinary retention.

Common Symptoms of a Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Urinary Frequency

Increased frequency of urination, especially during the night (nocturia), due to irritation or compression of the bladder by the enlarged prostate.

Urgency

Sudden and compelling urge to urinate, often accompanied by difficulty delaying urination.

Weak Urinary Stream

Decreased force or caliber of the urinary stream, making it difficult to start urination or fully empty the bladder.

Incomplete Emptying

Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying after urination, leading to the need for frequent trips to the restroom.

Straining

Straining or pushing to initiate urination or maintain urinary flow, sometimes resulting in dribbling or leakage of urine.

Intermittent Flow

Interruption or intermittent flow of urine during urination, reflecting obstruction of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.

Whom to Consult?​ and When to Seek Medical Advice?​

If you experience symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia or have concerns about your urinary health, it’s essential to seek medical evaluation and appropriate management at SRM Global Hospitals, Chennai.
Dr. S. Krishna Kumar

Dr. S. Krishna Kumar

MBBS, MD, DM

Senior Consultant

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Dr. Tanuj Moses Lamech

Dr. Tanuj Moses Lamech

MBBS, MD, DM, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Dr. Mathew Gerry George

Dr. Mathew Gerry George

MBBS, MD, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Dr. Jayaprakash. V

Dr. Jayaprakash. V

MBBS, MD, DM, DNB

Visiting Consultant

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Consult our healthcare experts immediately if you experience​​

  • Severe symptoms such as urinary retention (inability to urinate), urinary tract infections, blood in the urine, or kidney problems.
  • Signs of complications such as bladder stones, urinary retention, or acute urinary retention (sudden inability to urinate).

Common FAQs About Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Q: What causes benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A: The exact cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia is not fully understood but is believed to be related to hormonal changes and aging, particularly the influence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on prostate tissue growth.

Q: How is benign prostatic hyperplasia diagnosed?

A: Diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia typically involves a medical history, physical examination, digital rectal examination (DRE), urinalysis, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test, and sometimes imaging studies (such as ultrasound or cystoscopy) to assess the size and condition of the prostate gland and rule out other urinary tract disorders.

Q: What is the treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A: Treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia depends on the severity of symptoms, impact on quality of life, and individual preferences. It may include lifestyle modifications (such as dietary changes, fluid management), medications (such as alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, or combination therapy), minimally invasive procedures (such as transurethral resection of the prostate [TURP], laser therapy), or surgery (such as prostatectomy) for more severe cases.

Q: Can benign prostatic hyperplasia be prevented?

A: While benign prostatic hyperplasia cannot be prevented entirely, adopting a healthy lifestyle, maintaining a balanced diet, staying physically active, avoiding tobacco use, and seeking prompt medical evaluation and treatment for urinary symptoms or concerns can help reduce the risk of developing complications associated with BPH.

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